What are ABA and ACT?

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is an evidence-based therapy that focuses on teaching skills in specific domains of functioning, such as social skills, communication, academic and learning skills, motor dexterity, hygiene and grooming, and more. ABA has been shown to help children with autism and behavioral barriers learn skills and lessen interfering behavior. Most forms of ABA therapy are based on a simple concept: behaviors that are reinforced will increase, and behaviors that are not reinforced will reduce and eventually disappear. Treatment is tailored to individual needs and helps children function as independently and successfully as possible. ABA consists of interventions derived from scientifically established principles of behavior and relies on positive reinforcement to promote behavior change.

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, known as ACT (pronounced as the word “act”), is a mindfulness-based behavioral therapy that stems from traditional behavioral analytic therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). ACT aims to maximize human potential for a rich, full, and meaningful life. Individuals accept what is out of their control and commit to action that develops psychological skills to deal more effectively with difficult thoughts and feelings, clarifies their values, motivates them to take action, and improves and enriches their lives.

ACT was developed in the 1980s by psychologist Steven C. Hayes, which emerged from Hayes’s own experience, particularly his history of panic attacks. Eventually, he vowed that he would no longer run from himself and would accept himself and his experiences:

“We as a culture seem to be dedicated to the idea that ‘negative’ human emotions need to be fixed, managed, or changed—not experienced as part of a whole life. We are treating our own lives as problems to be solved as if we can sort through our experiences for the ones we like and throw out the rest. Acceptance, mindfulness, and values are key psychological tools needed for that transformative shift.”